mppsc mains paper 1 part 2 (geography)

 Cotton Textiles Industries in India

India is one of the leading producers of textile goods.It is one of  the largest &most important sector in economic terms. it constitue 20% of the industrial production,10%of Excise collection,4%of GDP,20% of total export earning,18% of employment inthe industrial sector.
                        Now India is the 3rd largest producer of silk, 5th largets producer of synthetic fibres etc
                                           India enjoyed the monopoly in the production of textile goods from 1500BC to 1500AD.
 indian cotton & silk textiles were in great demand all over the world.   
         Location of textiles industry is mainly affected by following factors :

  • Raw material
  • Proximity to markets
  • Moist weather
  • Capital
  • Skilled & cheap labour
  • Transport
  • Export facility & Domestic & International market                     
State Wise Production & Distribution of Cotton Goods :: 

  MAHARASTRA ---  

  • Largest producer of cotton goods.
  • Production in square metres 400550sqmtrs.(near about 38%of all india production).
  • there are total 122 cotton mills in mumbai 
Factors favourable -- 1)Raw Material 2)cheap skilled labour 3) climatic condition(enough moisture)
GUJARAT---
                        * Gujarat has  near about 118 producing about 35% of the total cotton goods of the country.
                        * Ahmedabad is the second largest cotton producing centre after mumbai. 
                        * it specialises in the production of fine qualities Dhoti & Sarees.

TAMIL NADU-- 
                          *It is the largest number of cotton mills in the country.
                          *The largest centre being coimbatore which has around 200 small & big factories.

UTTAR PRADESH----
                            * Kanpur is the most important cotton textiles centre of U.P.
                             
WEST BENGAL----

                             * Kolkata is the most imp. centre for cotton textile in W.B.
                              * Many more centres are Hoara, Murshidabad, Sirampur etc.


             Problems of cotton textile industries

               1. Shortage of Raw material 
               2. Erratic power supply 
               3. Heavy Excise Duties.
               4. Sick mills.
               5. competition with synthetic fibres.
               6. Strikes & Lockouts
               7. Competition in Foreign Markets.
               8. Obsolete Machinery.





















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